Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma 2025
The Government of Meghalaya pays tribute to the martyr, Pa Togan, a Garo warrior, by declaring 12 December as a public holiday to mark his death anniversary. He is considered to be one of the first freedom fighters from Garo hills, Meghalaya. He was part of the anti-colonial resistance movement in the northeastern region of India.
Date | Day | Festival |
12 December 2025 | Friday | Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma |
Who Was Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma?
Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma is a freedom fighter from the Garo tribe in Meghalaya. He died on 12 December 1872 in Matcha Rongkrek (a village in Meghalaya) where the British soldiers had set camp. Pa Togan led the attack at night when the British soldiers were sleeping but was defeated due to the British army's superior weapons. Po Togan is famous for devising huge shields using plantain stems. However, the Garo warriors could not protect themselves from the bullets fired by the British army. Pa Togan lost his life resisting the British occupation of northeast India.
Significance of Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma Day in Meghalaya
Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma Day holds deep historical and cultural significance in Meghalaya, especially among the Garo community. Observed annually on December 12th, this day commemorates the heroic martyrdom of Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma, a revered freedom fighter who sacrificed his life while resisting British colonial forces in the Battle of Matcha Rongkrek in 1872.
For the people of Meghalaya, this day is not just a remembrance of the past but a celebration of Garo identity, bravery, and pride. Schools, government institutions, and local communities hold events, including cultural performances, seminars, and tributes to honour his valor. Wreaths are laid at his statue, and historical speeches are delivered to inspire future generations.
The significance of the day also lies in reinforcing the indigenous resistance to colonialism, showcasing how local heroes like Pa Togan played a vital role in India's broader freedom struggle—often overlooked in mainstream history. It serves as a powerful reminder of the courage and patriotism of the North-East region and its contribution to Indian independence.
The bravery of Pa Togan is immortalized as a memorial statue in Chisobibra, East Garo Hills, Meghalaya You can visit the memorial to honor the sacrifice of Pa Togan. Floral tributes are offered at the memorial. It is recommended to visit the Martyr’s column in Shillong (Meghalaya) to pay your respects to the iconic freedom fighter Pa Togan Sangma.
Pa Togan - The Garo Goliath
Togan Sangma attained almost legendary status for his muscular physique and fighting skills. He was referred to as ‘Garo Goliath’ borrowing from the Philistine giant mentioned in the Bible.
How to Commemorate the Heroic Pa Togan Nengminza Sangma
The bravery of Pa Togan is immortalized as a memorial statue in Chisobibra, East Garo Hills, Meghalaya You can visit the memorial to honor the sacrifice of Pa Togan. Floral tributes are offered at the memorial. It is recommended to visit the Martyr’s column in Shillong (Meghalaya) to pay your respects to the iconic freedom fighter Pa Togan Sangma.
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